CITYPlus FM Interview - The Career Effects of Illness (14 August 2017)

今天的采访顺利完成！
谢谢主持人们的Cue和lead。
今天谈职业病与自律神经失调问题。
Special thanks for CITYPlus FM【华丽上班族】

ADHD is a disorder of the brain? Yes according to research

Several subcortical brain structures are smaller in children and adults diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a study recently published in The Lancet.

ADHD is a neurological condition that is often diagnosed in childhood, but around two-thirds of patients continue to display symptoms into adulthood. Key symptoms of ADHD include hyperactivity, inability to sustain attention and impulsive behaviour

Previous imaging studies report structural and functional brain abnormalities in patients with ADHD compared to healthy individuals. For example, studies have consistently found reduced basal ganglia volume in ADHD patients. But the number of participants in each of these studies has been too small to generalize the results to the population as a whole. Identifying brain differences in people with ADHD is crucial for increasing our understanding about the underlying mechanisms that cause the disorder and how to effectively treat it.

In the largest study of its kind to date, a team of scientists led by Martine Hoogman (Radbound University Medical Centre, The Netherlands) combined the results from multiple imaging studies in a meta-analysis consisting of 1,713 patients with ADHD and 1,529 healthy controls. The results revealed dramatic differences in the brain volume of patients with ADHD and healthy controls.

Areas of reduced brain volume included the amygdala, accumbens and hippocampus, which had not been identified in previous studies. The results also revealed similar findings to previous studies including reduced caudate and putamen volume.

ADHD is often treated with stimulants. The results of this study found that brain volume differences in ADHD patients were the same whether they had taken stimulant medication or not. The largest difference in brain volume was found in the amygdala which is important because it provides an explanation for the disruption of emotional regulation that is often seen in ADHD but is not listed in current diagnostic criteria. Hippocampus volume was reduced in ADHD patients which is interesting because there is little evidence of long-term memory deficits in ADHD. However, some studies suggest that the hippocampus plays a role in regulating emotion and motivation, which is compromised in ADHD.

Overall, the study confirms that patients with ADHD do have structural and functional brain alterations, and ADHD is therefore a disorder of the brain. The strongest differences in brain volume were found in childhood which supports current thinking that ADHD is produced by a delay in brain maturation. The results of this study will be important for improving our understanding and reducing the stigma of ADHD.

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Source:

http://www.psypost.org/2017/08/large-study-identifies-differences-brains-people-diagnosed-adhd-49450

都会佳人Citta Bella | Life Magazines 生活杂志 - 2017年6月刊Bella Soul 之《关于专注力这件事》

工作与学习的表现好坏与否，都和专注力有相当的大的关系。今天我们来看看以下两位个案的生活作息如何影响其专注力与应对措施有什么。

 

CASE 1
范小姐的工作是股票交易员，每天对着起起伏伏的数据，她的心跳也跟着战战兢兢的跳。她近来发现自己的专注力越来越糟糕，甚至常常在工作时分神，导致无法做好正确的判断。因为她的专注力问题，她也开始面对资金亏损等问题。她的上司对她进行评估后发现，她的学识渊博，并不是因为学识问题导致出错连连。于是，她在上司的鼓励下咨询了我。
从她的脑电波发现，她的脑电波呈现疲累状态。除此之外，她的右脑也非常的活跃（通常这可以表示她呈现于一种不安状态）。营养心理学的检测中也发现，她大量的摄取肉类（尤其是晚上），平时也很少吃菜。这些种种因素导致她的睡眠质量很不好，也很难在工作上表现平稳。她确实对自己的要求很高，因而对自己的表现特别不安。
透过一星期一次，将近三个月的脑波反馈训练，她的右脑脑电波变得和缓了许多。不仅如此，她也透过饮食的调整，让自我的情绪也稳定了许多。她头脑不再呈现疲累状态，她的专注力时间也变长了许多。她也透过催眠治疗，发现自己不安的导因来自小时候的成长经历。于是，她很快就突破了心防，渐渐的走出了不安的状态。很令她惊奇的是，接着她的睡眠状态与情绪也变得越来越好。一天一天的过去，她也发现自己更可以更好的表现了，甚至她面对已经的消化问题也显著的改善了。透过脑电波的训练，范小姐不仅改善了自己的情绪与大脑，她似乎也放下了这么多年来压抑在心里许久的埋怨。

CASE 2
林小弟是一位十岁的孩子，他非常的好动并对身边的事物充满了好奇心。老师也因为他的好动与不合作，开始向父母投诉孩子的行为问题。林小弟一直以来都过着无忧无虑的生活，对物质欲的许久不大。这孩子最大的问题就是冲动与专注力问题。在检测后发现，他目前面对的问题也就是一般孩子会面对的问题。以头发检测的成绩看来，这孩子的抗压力也弱。于是，透过脑波反馈疗法，孩子能开始改善自己的脑电波状态。一旦大脑学习了如何专注，它就可以出现更好更安心的脑电波状态了。

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大脑的奥秘无局限，可在脑波呈现出景象便可让我们窃见其中一二，从中引出调适的方式，便可更明确地了解自身的问题所在。了解问题与解决之，自是同一依循的人生道路呢
专注力问题并不是简单的坏习惯问题，它可以是因为脑部状态不佳而造成的问题。透过身心灵与饮食等的调整，可以让我们更好的改善自己的表现能力与专注力。不要羞于求助，现代科技与科学已经可以改善你的问题了。不要再困在问题之中而哀伤了。

（所有的个案解读已经得到客户许可，名字与资料也有调整以保护当事人的隐私）